Solar panels have the potential to generate surplus electricity, but do you know how they are manufactured? The production of solar panels is a complex procedure that necessitates extensive expertise and comprehension. In this article, we will guide you through the various types of panels accessible in the market and the process of creating solar panels. Polycrystelline or Monocrystalline silicon solar cells are used to create solar panels, which are then soldered and covered with an anti-reflective glass layer. The photovoltaic effect is activated when sunlight falls on the solar cells, resulting in the generation of electricity.
The six vital parts required to produce solar panels are the junction box, backsheet, solar cells, encapsulant, aluminum and tempered glass. The solar energy sector has made significant advancements in recent times, making it more convenient than ever to purchase solar products for residential use. Now that you are aware of the essential elements that make up a solar panel, let’s delve into the various stages of the solar panel manufacturing process.
The process of making solar panels
Solar panels are constructed using solar cells as their fundamental components. Solar cells are categorized as either n-type or p-type, representing positive or negative charges. The manufacturing process of solar cells involves melting crystalline silicon and combining it with boron or gallium to form silicon ingots. Additionally, the electrical properties of silicon are attributed to the inclusion of phosphorous, as well as gallium or boron.
The silicon crystal is sliced into slender layers, and a coating that prevents reflection is administered to them, enabling the cells to trap sunlight rather than reflecting it away from the structures. Subsequently, slender electrical-conducting lines are etched into the cells to seize and transport the electrical energy within the cell. This causes the solar cells to function as electricity conductors produced by the photovoltaic cells when sunlight strikes them, prompting electrons to shift within the solar cell and generate electricity.
Soldering
After imparting an electrical charge to silicon wafers, phosphorus facilitates the interconnection of individual solar cells through metallic connectors, thereby creating a solar panel. It is commonly referred to as soldering. The quantity of cells that can be soldered simultaneously is determined by the specific demands and prerequisites of a given undertaking. For example, 60-cell panels are the typical dimensions, whereas 72-cell panels are usually employed in industrial ventures.
Fixing the Backsheet, Front Glass Layer, and Frame
The back of a solar panel, referred to as a backsheet, is composed of a blend of plastic or polymer. Its purpose is to safeguard the solar cells, and it is positioned at the bottom. To channel the sunlight into the solar cells, a delicate sheet of glass is placed above them. EVA (Ethylene vinyl acetate) is used as an adhesive to keep all of these components together. Metal frames, which attach to the mounting clamps, are used to secure these parts to your roof.
Installing junction box
An electrical box is affixed to the framework using an adhesive and allowed to set for roughly 10-12 hours, and the main purpose of an electrical box is to safeguard the cables of photovoltaic panels from harm to uphold the progression of power from photovoltaic panels to the inverter, avoiding the backflow of electricity. Consequently, electrical boxes ensure the correct operation of your photovoltaic panels.
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